Author: USC Shoah Foundation via YouTube
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In her testimony, Nanjing Massacre survivor, Xiulan Guo, discusses the plight of women during the conflict. Please enable closed captioning for English translation.

“Women began to face this new problem.”

On December 13, 1937, the Japanese army captured what was then China’s capital city, Nanjing, and killed as many as 300,000 civilians and numerous unarmed Chinese soldiers over the course of two months. After the Japanese overran the city, they hunted down and killed suspected Chinese soldiers, massacred families living outside the Safety Zone, and raped tens of thousands of women. The Japanese army also looted the city and burned down many buildings. In January, the invaders declared the city subdued and ordered the Safety Zone disbanded; when people returned home, atrocities resumed. The violence subsided in February 1938, after the establishment of a Chinese led, Japanese influenced government. The chaos, fires, and mass graves make a precise count of casualties impossible.

USC Shoah Foundation’s Visual History Archive contains 102 testimonies from Nanjing Massacre survivors. The Foundation partnered with the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall in 2012 to preserve the testimonies of the last survivors of these atrocities; interviews continued until 2017. All of the testimonies are in Mandarin and contain English subtitles. Testimonies in the Nanjing collection seek to establish full-life histories of the individuals, including their social and cultural life before and after the Nanjing Massacre. Learn more at https://sfi.usc.edu/collections/nanjing-massacre.

March is Women’s History Month in the United States.

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